Modern Theologians & Non-Christian Theologians

Modern Theologians 
Even today, Christianity is changing. Theologians offer insight into 
the word of God, and new ideas about religion are always emerging. 
You can keep up with the latest in understanding religion and 
God with some of the modern theologians. 

25. Karl Barth: The father of “neo-orthodoxy” and influential in the 

      movement to reject theological liberalism. 

26. Gordon Clark: Well-known American philosopher and theologian, 

       his ideas of scripturalism have influenced modern Christian thinking. 

27. C.S. Lewis: One of the most well-known modern Christian theologians. 

     Also known for his fiction, much of which contains Christian undertones. 

28. Joseph Ratzinger: Pope Benedict XVI, is a well-known academic and

     theologian who continues to influence the direction of the Catholic church. 

29. John Stott: A noted leader of the modern evangelical movement 

      worldwide, and a theologian whose writings are influential. 

30. Albert Schweitzer: Medical missionary and religious philosopher 

   who challenged many commonly held views from skeptics and 

   Christians alike. He was awarded a Nobel prize in philosophy. 

31. Marilyn McCord Adams: Prominent religious philosopher looking into 

     theology, and teaching philosophy to the next generation of theologians. 

32. Elizabeth Stuart: A feminist theologist specializing in queer theology. 

Non-Christian Theologians 
Other religions have their own theologians as well. If you are interested 
in understanding the teachings of other spiritual traditions, and if you 
want to understand other ideas of religion and deity, you can learn 
from some of these great historical theologians. 

33. Abraham Joshua Heschel: One of the leading Jewish theologians of 

      the 20th Century. 

34. Rachel Adler: An influential Jewish theologian, focusing especially 

      on gender issues and Jewish law. 

35. Prophet Muhammad: The founder of Islam is considered one of 

      the foremost theologians in the world someone whose view of 

      theology has shaped the world for centuries. 36. Leila Ahmed: 

      The first women’s studies professor at Harvard Divinity School, 

      Ahmed is interested in gender studies in Islam. 

37. Buddha: While possibly not truly a theologian, Buddha’s spiritual 

     teachings nevertheless have influenced millions of people through 

    centuries. 

38. Ketut Wiana: One of the foremost scholars of Hindu theology in 

     the world today, and an expert Agama Hindu Dharma. 

39. Baháu’lláh: This Persian nobleman and theologian is the founder 

    of the Baha’i faith someone who has influenced spiritual thinking for 

     the past 150 years. 

40. Confucius: While Confucianism doesn’t espouse a specific theology, 

there are spiritual elements involved, and his thoughts on spirituality, 

and metaphysics have been influential over thousands of years