The Ancient City , Name & The Current Location

The Ancient Country or People Vs The Current Name or Region

Ammon, Moab and Edom = ( Jordan ) 

Arabia =( Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and some of Iraq and Jordan) 

Aram = ( Syria) 

Assyria = ( Iraq) 

Canaan= (Northern Israel and Southern Lebanon)

 Cush =(Ethiopia and some of Sudan, Somalia and 

Yemen Decapolis =(Northwestern Jordan and a small part of Israel)

 Dedan and Sheba =(Saudi Arabia) 

Gomer=( Ukraine) 

Magog, =(Rus and Rosh Russia) 

Meshech and Tubal = (Turkey) 

Midian =(Western Saudi Arabia and Southern Jordan) 

Mizraim =(Egypt) 

Philistia = (Palestine) 

Phoenicia = (Lebanon) 

Persia =(Iran and some of Iraq) 

Phut/Put =( Libya and some of Egypt and North Africa) 

Scythia =(Southern Russia) 

Togarmah =(Parts of Turkey, Turkomen, Turkestan and Armenia) 

Tarshish =(Carthage (and possibly even Great Britain) 

 The Ancient City The Current Location 

Alexandria =Mediterranean coast of Egypt 

Antioch =Northwest Syria (Coastal) - present day "Hatay"

 Athens, Berea, Corinth, Philippi and Thessalonica =Greece 

Babylon = Iraq 

Cyrene =Northwest Libya 

Damascus =Syria 

Ephesus, Pergamum and Smyrna =Western 

Turkey Haran and Padan-aram =Eastern 

Syria Iconium and Lystra =Central Turkey 

Shinar = Iraq - Ancient Babel and present day "Babylon" 

Sidon and Tyre =Western  

Lebanon (Coastal) Tarsus = Eastern Turkey 

Ur = Southeastern Iraq)

|| Reject the Trinity ( 9 Faith Groups ) ||

1//-Mormonism - Latter-day Saints  
(By: Joseph Smith, Jr., 1830)
Mormons believe that God has a physical, flesh and bones, eternal, perfect body. Men have the potential to become gods as well. Jesus is God's literal son, a separate being from God the Father and the "elder brother" of men. The Holy Spirit is also a separate being from God the Father and God the Son. The Holy Spirit is regarded as an impersonal power or spirit being. These three separate beings are "one" only in their purpose, and they make up the Godhead. 

2//-Jehovah's Witnesses  
(Founded By:Charles Taze Russell1879.)
(Succeeded byJoseph F.Rutherford, 1917.) 
Jehovah's Witnesses believe that God is one person, Jehovah. Jesus was Jehovah's first creation. Jesus is not God, nor part of the Godhead. He is higher than the angels but inferior to God. Jehovah used Jesus to create the rest of the universe. Before Jesus came to earth, he was known as the archangel Michael. The Holy Spirit is an impersonal force from Jehovah, but not God. 

3//-Christian Science  
(Founded By: Mary Baker Eddy, 1879.) Christian Scientists believe the Trinity is life, truth, and love. As an impersonal principle, God is the only thing that truly exists. Everything else (matter) is an illusion. Jesus, though not God, is the Son of God. He was the promised Messiah but was not a deity. The Holy Spirit is divine science in the teachings of Christian Science. 

4//-Armstrongism 
  (Philadelphia Church of God, Global Church of God, United Church of God) Founded By: Herbert W. Armstrong, 1934.) Traditional Armstrongism denies a Trinity, defining God as "a family of individuals." Original teachings say Jesus did not have a physical resurrection and the Holy Spirit is an impersonal force. 

5//-Christadelphians Founded  
(By: Dr. John Thomas, 1864.) Christadelphians believe God is one indivisible unity, not three distinct persons existing in one God. They deny the divinity of Jesus, believing he is fully human and separate from God. They do not believe the Holy Spirit is the third person of the Trinity, but merely a force—the "unseen power" from God.

6//-Oneness Pentecostals Founded  
(By: Frank Ewart, 1913.) Oneness Pentecostals believe that there is one God and God is one. Throughout time God manifested himself in three ways or "forms" (not persons), as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Oneness Pentecostals take issue with the Trinity doctrine chiefly for its use of the term "person." They believe God cannot be three distinct persons, but only one being who has revealed himself in three different modes. It is important to note that Oneness Pentecostals do affirm the deity of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit.

7//- Unification Church Founded  
(By: Sun Myung Moon, 1954.) Unification adherents believe that God is positive and negative, male and female. The universe is God's body, made by him. Jesus was not God, but a man. He did not experience a physical resurrection. In fact, his mission on earth failed and will be fulfilled through Sun Myung Moon, who is greater than Jesus. The Holy Spirit is feminine in nature. She collaborates with Jesus in the spirit realm to draw people to Sun Myung Moon.

 8//-Unity School of Christianity Founded By:  
(Charles and Myrtle Fillmore, 1889). Similar to Christian Science, Unity adherents believe God is an unseen, impersonal principle, not a person. God is a force within everyone and everything. Jesus was only a man, not the Christ. He merely realized his spiritual identity as the Christ by practicing his potential for perfection. This is something all men can achieve. Jesus did not resurrect from the dead, but rather, he reincarnated. The Holy Spirit is the active expression of God's law. Only the spirit part of us is real; matter is not real.  

9//-Scientology -
  By: L. Ron Hubbard, 1954. Scientology defines God as Dynamic Infinity. Jesus is not God, Savior, or Creator, nor does he have control of supernatural powers. He is usually overlooked in Dianetics. The Holy Spirit is absent from this belief system as well. Men are "thetan" - immortal, spiritual beings with limitless capabilities and powers, though often they are unaware of this potential. Scientology teaches men how to achieve "higher states of awareness and ability" through practicing Dianetics. 
Sources: • Kenneth Boa. Cults, World Religions and the Occult. 
• Rose Publishing.Christianity, Cults & Religions (Chart). 
• Cross, F. L. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Oxford University Press. 2005. 
• Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry. Trinity Chart. https://carm.org/trinity

|| Methodist Church History ||

Methodist Co-Founders:
                    Charles and John Wesley John Wesley (June 28, 1703 - February 24, 1791) and his brother Charles were born into a strong Anglican home. His father, Samuel, was a priest, and his mother, Susanna, was a religion teacher who faithfully taught the Bible to her 19 children. 
                  While studying at Oxford University in England, John, Charles, and several other students formed a Christian group devoted to Bible study, prayer, and helping the underprivileged. They were labeled "Methodists" as a term of criticism from fellow students because of the orderly way they used rules and methods to go about their religious affairs. 
                   But the group happily embraced the name as a badge of honor. The beginning of Methodism as a popular revival movement began in 1738. After returning to England from America, Wesley was bitter, disillusioned and spiritually low. He shared his inner struggles with a Moravian, Peter Boehler, who greatly influenced John and his brother Charles to undertake evangelistic preaching with an emphasis on conversion and holiness. 
                     Although both Wesley brothers were ordained ministers of the Church of England, they were barred from speaking in most of its pulpits because of their evangelistic methods. They preached in homes, farmhouses, barns, open fields, and wherever they found an audience. 
The Influence of George Whitefield on Methodism ---||
                 Around this time, Wesley was invited to join the evangelism ministry of George Whitefield (1714-1770), a fellow preacher and minister in the Church of England.Whitefield, also one of the initial leaders of the Methodist movement, is believed by some to have had more of an influence on the founding of Methodism than John Wesley.
                Whitefield, famous for his part in the Great Awakening movement in America, also preached outdoors, something unheard of at the time. But as a follower of John Calvin, Whitefield parted ways with Wesley over the doctrine of predestination. 
Methodism in America ------|| 
                  The Methodist Church prospered on its own for the next 29 years, as did the newly reunited Evangelical United Brethren Church. In 1968, bishops of the two churches took the necessary steps to combine their churches into what has become the second largest Protestant denomination in America, The United Methodist Church. Today, the total number of Methodists in the world is estimated to be more than 75 million. Sources • "John Wesley." Who’s Who in Christian history (p. 710)

|| Seventh-day Adventist ||

• Baptism - Baptism requires repentance and a confession of faith in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. It symbolizes forgiveness of sins and reception of the Holy Spirit. Adventists baptize by immersion. 
• Bible - Adventists see Scripture as divinely inspired by the Holy Spirit, the "infallible revelation" of God's will. The Bible contains the knowledge necessary for salvation. 
• Communion - The Adventist communion service includes foot washing as a symbol of humility, ongoing inner cleansing, and service to others. The Lord's Supper is open to all Christian believers. 
• Death - Unlike most other Christian denominations, Adventists hold that the dead do not go directly to heaven or hell but enter a period of "soul sleep," in which they are unconscious until their resurrection and final judgment. 
• Diet - As "temples of the Holy Spirit," Seventh-day Adventists are encouraged to eat the healthiest diet possible, and many members are vegetarians. They are also prohibited from drinking alcohol, using tobacco, or taking illegal drugs. 
• Equality - There is no racial discrimination in the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Women cannot be ordained as pastors, although the debate continues in some circles. Homosexual behavior is condemned as sin. 
• Heaven, Hell - At the end of the Millennium, the thousand-year reign of Christ with his saints in heaven between the first and second resurrections, Christ and the Holy City will descend from heaven to earth. The redeemed will live eternally on the New Earth, where God will dwell with his people. The condemned will be consumed by fire and annihilated. 
• Investigative Judgment - Beginning in 1844, a date originally named by an early Adventist as the Second Coming of Christ, Jesus began a process of judging which people will be saved and which will be destroyed. Adventists believe all departed souls are sleeping until that time of final judgment. 
• Jesus Christ - The eternal Son of God, Jesus Christ became man and was sacrificed on the cross in payment for sin, was raised from the dead and ascended into heaven. Those who accept the atoning death of Christ are assured eternal life.  
• Prophecy - Prophecy is one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. Seventh-day Adventists consider Ellen G. White (1827-1915), one of the church's founders, to be a prophet. Her extensive writings are studied for guidance and instruction. 
• Sabbath - Seventh-day Adventist beliefs include worship on Saturday, in accordance with the Jewish custom of keeping the seventh day holy, based on the Fourth Commandment. They believe that the later Christian custom of moving the Sabbath to Sunday, to celebrate the day of Christ's resurrection, is unbiblical. • Trinity - Adventists believe in one God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. While God is beyond human understanding, He has revealed Himself through Scripture and His Son, Jesus Christ.

|| Foursquare Gospel Church ||

 

 Baptism - Water baptism is required as a public commitment
to Christ's role as Redeemer and King. Foursquare Gospel Church
baptizes by immersion. Bible - Foursquare teachings hold that
the Bible is the inspired Word of God, "true, immutable,
steadfast, and unchangeable."
 Communion - The broken bread represents Christ's broken body,
given for humanity, and the juice of the vine reminds of the shed
blood of Christ. The Lord's Supper is a solemn occasion, entered into
with self-examination, forgiveness, and love toward all.
Equality - The Foursquare Gospel Church rejects anti-Semitism and
all ethnic discrimination. Since its founding by Aimee Semple McPherson,
the church has ordained female ministers, and women are active
throughout the church. Evangelism - Planting and growing
local churches is a priority. This church engages in global,
interdenominational evangelism.
Gifts of the Spirit - The Foursquare Gospel Church teaches that
the Holy Spirit still bestows his gifts on believers: wisdom, knowledge,
faith, healing, miracles, prophecy, discernment, tongues,
and interpretation of tongues.
Grace - Salvation comes through grace, a free gift from God.
 On their own merit, human beings cannot earn righteousness
or God's favor and love.
Healing - Jesus Christ, who does not change, is still ready
and willing to heal people in answer to prayers of faith.
Christ can heal the body, the mind, and the spirit.
Heaven, Hell - Heaven and hell are real places. Heaven is
reserved for those who are born-again believers in Jesus Christ.
Hell, originally created for Satan and his rebellious angels,
 is the place of eternal separation from God,
for people who reject Christ as Savior.
 Jesus Christ - Jesus Christ, the Son of God, was conceived
by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, and became a man.
By shedding his blood on the cross, he redeemed from sin
all who believe in Him as Savior. He lives as a Mediator
between God and man.
Salvation - Christ died for the sins of humanity.
Through his substitutionary sacrifice, he earned pardon of
sins for all who believe in Him.
Spirit-filled Life - Members are encouraged to live holy,
exemplary lives, honoring Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit with
their thoughts and actions, behaving in a loving, sincere, truthful manner.
Tithing - The Foursquare Gospel Church believes that tithes and
monetary offerings are commanded by God for ministry,
evangelism, and to release personal blessing.
Trinity - God is triune: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
The three Persons are coeternal, coexistent and
 equal in perfection.
 (Sources: Foursquare.org, Rochester4Square.org)

|| Jesus People USA (JPUSA) ||

Baptism - The Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) holds
 that baptism is a sacrament. "In this sense, it is a means of grace,
so long as one does not see it as saving grace."
ECC rejects the belief that baptism is necessary for salvation.
Bible - The Bible is "the uniquely inspired, authoritative
Word of God and is the only perfect rule for faith, doctrine,
and conduct."
Communion - Jesus People USA beliefs say communion,
or the Lord's Supper, is one of two sacraments
commanded by Jesus Christ.
Holy Spirit - The Holy Spirit, or Comforter, enables people
to live a Christian life in this fallen world. He provides fruits
and gifts to the church and individuals today.
All believers are indwelt by the Holy Spirit.
Jesus Christ - Jesus Christ came as the incarnation,
fully man and fully God. He died for the sin of humanity,
rose from the dead, and ascended into heaven, where he
sits at the right hand of God. He will come again to
judge the living and the dead, according to Scripture.
Pietism - The Evangelical Covenant Church preaches a life
 "connected" to Jesus Christ, reliance on the Holy Spirit,
and service to the world. Jesus People USA members
participate in a variety of ministries to the aged, homeless,
ill, and children. Priesthood of All Believers - All believers
share in the church's ministry, yet some are called to be full time,
professional clergy. The ECC ordains both men and women.
The church is a "family of equals."
 Salvation - Salvation is solely through the atoning death of
Jesus Christ on the cross. Human beings are incapable of
saving themselves. Faith in Christ results in reconciliation
to God, forgiveness of sins, and eternal life.
Second Coming - Christ will come again, visibly, to judge
the living and the dead. While no one knows the time,
his return is "immanent."
 Trinity - Jesus People USA beliefs hold that the Triune God is t
hree persons in one being: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
God is eternal, omnipotent, and omnipresent.
(Jesus People USA Website.)

|| Disciples of Christ (Christian Church) ||

Baptism - Baptism symbolizes the death, burial,
and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It signifies new birth,
a cleansing from sin, the individual's response to
God's grace, and acceptance into the faith community.
Bible - Disciples of Christ consider the Bible to be 
the inspired Word of God and recognize 66 books in the canon, 
but beliefs vary on the inerrancy of Scripture. 
Individual churches cover the spectrum from 
fundamentalist to liberal.
Communion - Open communion, where all Christians are welcome, 
was one of the reasons for the founding of the Christian Church. 
In the Lord's Supper, "the living Christ is met and received 
in the sharing of the bread and the cup, representative of 
the body and blood of Jesus." 
Ecumenism - The Christian Church constantly reaches out to
 other Christian denominations. One of the early goals was to 
overcome the differences among Christian faith groups. 
The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) belongs to 
the National Council of Churches and World Council of Churches 
and has had conversations with the Roman Catholic Church. 
Equality - One of the four priorities of the Christian Church is to 
become an anti-racist church. The Disciples of Christ include 
440 predominantly African-American congregations, 
156 Hispanic congregations, and 85 Asian-American congregations. 
The Disciples also ordain women. 
Heaven, Hell - Views on heaven and hell among the Disciples of 
Christ range from belief in literal places, to trust in God to 
provide eternal justice. The church itself does not engage in 
"speculative theology" and lets its individual members 
decide for themselves. 
Jesus Christ - The Disciples' Confession states that 
"Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God ... 
Lord and Savior of the world." Belief in Christ as Savior is 
the only requirement for salvation. The Priesthood of Believers - 
The ministry of believers extends to all members of the 
Christian Church. While the denomination has ordained clergy,
 lay people play key roles in the church.
Trinity - Disciples of Christ profess God the Father, the Son,
 and the Holy Spirit in their Confession, and they baptize in
the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Church members are allowed freedom of opinion on
this and other doctrines and are expected to
give others that same freedom. .
by Jack Zavada